Synonyms
Harmonia Mulsant, 1846: 108. TS: Coccinella marginepunctata Schaller, 1783.
Leis Mulsant, 1850: 241. TS: Coccinella dimidiata Fabricius, 1891.
Callineda Crotch, 1871: 6. TS: Coccinella sedecimnottata Fabricius, 1801.
Diagnosis
Harmonia differs from Archegleis by its pronotum evencly convex across the disc and margins without any noticeable concavity near margins.
Description
Length 4-8 mm. Elytra moderately to strongly convex; winged, glabrous. Elytral colour pattern, variable. Head with anterior clypeal border straight between lateral projections. Antenna 11-segmented; slightly shorter than head capsule with moderately compact 3-segmented club. Terminal maxillary palpomere securiform. Pronotal disc evenly convex transversely to narrowly upturned and/or slightly thickened external borders. Prothoracic hypomeron without fovea near anterior angles; prosternal process with distinct carinae extending anteriorly. Anterior margin of mesoventrite weakly emarginate medially to straight. Elytral margin with narrow raised margins; epipleuron not foveate. Tibial spurs formula 0-0-0. Abdominal postcoxal line not recurved and incomplete laterally with oblique additional line. Male terminalia. Parameres and phallobase symmetrical; penis guide symmetrical. Parameres articulated with phallobase. Penis with additional apical piece; basal capsule distinct and T-shaped. Apodeme of male sternum 9 very narrow and rod-like. Female terminalia. Coxities club-handle like; styli strongly reduced and hardly visible; infundibulum tube-like, enclosing the sperm duct; sperm duct simple, uniform in diameter. Spermatheca distinctly curved with cornu and basal ramus and nodulus; spermathecal accessory gland distinctly separated from sperm duct.
Distribution and Biology
There is about 20 species widely distributed in Old World. Four species occur in Australia. Harmonia species are regarded as aphid feeders but several species were also recorded as feeding on psyllids, leafhoppers and eggs of Chrysomelidae.
Genus References
Mulsant, M E. 1846. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères de France. Sulcicolles-Sécuripalpes. Maison, Paris. xxiv + 26 pp. + 280 pp. + 1 pl.
Mulsant, M E. 1850. Species des Coléoptères Trimcres Sécuripalpes. Annales des Sciencies Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiées par la Société nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxicme Série, 2: xv + 1-1104 (part 1 pp. 1-450; part 2 pp. 451-1104).
Crotch, G R. 1871. List of Coccinellidae. printed by the author, Cambridge. 8 pp.
Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S.M. 1982. Les coccinelles. Coleoptères-Coccinellidae. Société nouvelle des editions Boubée, Paris. 568 pp.
Pope, R. D. 1989. A revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part 1. Subfamily Coccinellinae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 2 (1988): 663-735.
Slipinski, S.A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra. 286 pp.
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